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  • Euclidea

    15/15
    Informal 4.75Formal 5Transfer 4.75
    See Notes

    Notes -- Incredible math exposure in this puzzle game! The game requires some background to play. Namely that measurement developed alongside mathematics. Ancient mathematicians didn’t have the precise tools we use today. Explore what math once looked like while gaining exposure to the rigor required for proofs.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    5/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    4/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    5/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    5/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    5/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    4/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Tandis

    15/15
    Informal 5Formal 5Transfer 5
    See Notes

    Notes -- Incredible exposure to formal math in a playful way! Highly recommended for anyone looking for a math-related game that’s both engaging and exploratory.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    5/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    5/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    5/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    5/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    4/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Shape Fundamentals

    15/15
    Informal 4.5Formal 5Transfer 5
    See Notes

    Notes -- Shapes are a core concept in both geometry and art. Without them, it would be difficult to imagine either subject. Art often leans on intuition and experimentation, while mathematics offers precision and rigor. But no matter the approach, when you create with shapes you are practicing mathematical thinking.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    5/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    3/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    5/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    5/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    5/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    5/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Value Fundamentals (light/darks and shading)

    14/15
    Informal 4.25Formal 4.3Transfer 5
    See Notes

    Notes -- Our eyes register light and dark before they notice color. Creating the illusion of three-dimensional form on a flat surface depends on believable value contrasts. Though less obvious than perspective or proportion, this too is a mathematical process—built on ratios, gradients, and measured differences.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    5/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    4/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    4/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    5/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    5/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    5/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Construction Fundamentals

    14/15
    Informal 5Formal 4.3Transfer 5
    See Notes

    Notes -- Construction reveals the underlying structure of an artwork. Weak construction leads to a confusing final piece, while strong construction lines guide form and clarity. These early marks are deeply mathematical, providing frameworks of proportion, geometry, and alignment. An artist who studies mathematics will find powerful tools for refining construction and strengthening their work.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    5/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    5/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    4/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    5/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    5/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Color Fundamentals

    13/15
    Informal 4Formal 4.3Transfer 5
    See Notes

    Notes -- Working with color begins with the three fundamentals: red, yellow, and blue. When pigments are mixed with precision, any color can be replicated. Measurement is mathematics, and it underlies every choice of hue or value. Choosing, mixing, and matching colors is never arbitrary; the more you understand the measurement systems of color, the more accurately and consistently you can reproduce it.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    3/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    3/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    3/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    5/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    5/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    5/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Line Fundamentals

    13/15
    Informal 4.5Formal 3.6Transfer 5
    See Notes

    Notes -- Lines may seem simple, but they are a fundamental idea in both art and mathematics. In geometry, they define space and direction; in drawing, they separate forms and guide the eye. Skilled artists use lines not just to outline shapes, but to solve visual problems—creating structure, movement, and meaning in ways that reveal math at work beneath the surface.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    3/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    1/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    3/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    5/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    5/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Spider-Man 2

    12/15
    Informal 4.5Formal 3Transfer 4.6
    See Notes

    Notes -- In Spider-Man 2, math hides behind the action but shapes every move. Swinging feels like riding a mathematical function through space, where timing and proportional changes dictate your flow. Every battle and navigation choice calls for problem-solving, from geometric awareness to pattern recognition—making the game a true playground for intuitive mathematics.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    3/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    2/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    2/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    4/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    5/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Tetris

    11/15
    Informal 4.75Formal 2.3Transfer 3.6
    See Notes

    Notes -- A game anyone can appreciate — it reveals simple but powerful mathematical ideas. Fitting shapes together builds intuition for optimization and spatial reasoning, all without a single formula. Tetris is an intuition-building superstar.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    4/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    5/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    2/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    2/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    3/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    3/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    4/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    4/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Minecraft

    11/15
    Informal 4.5Formal 2.3Transfer 4.3
    See Notes

    Notes -- Though not advertised as a math game, Minecraft is packed with mathematics. It naturally encourages problem-solving as you optimize your equipment to survive. Creative players also explore geometry, area, perimeter, and other concepts. An incredible way to gain gentle and fun exposure to mathematical thinking!

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    5/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    3/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    2/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    0/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    5/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    5/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    3/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Fortnite

    10/15
    Informal 4Formal 2Transfer 4
    See Notes

    Notes -- It may surprise you how much mathematics is involved in playing Fortnite. From spatial reasoning to simple algebraic structures, the game draws players in while quietly building mathematical intuition. Players naturally ask questions like, How can I survive longer? or How can I optimize my resources to stay out of danger?—all of which rest on mathematical thinking.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    5/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    4/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    2/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    2/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    1/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    3/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    4/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    3/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    5/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • 2048

    7/15
    Informal 3.75Formal 2Transfer 1.6
    See Notes

    Notes -- Addictive in its simplicity, 2048 shines as a quick puzzle you can pick up anytime. Sliding tiles and watching numbers double offers a satisfying rhythm. While not a deep mathematical tool, it’s perfect for casual gamers who enjoy endless, repeatable challenges.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    3/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    2/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    5/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    3/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    2/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    1/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    1/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    3/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    1/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Cookie Clicker

    4/15
    Informal 2.25Formal 1Transfer 1
    See Notes

    Notes -- Cookie Clicker isn’t a deep mathematical experience, and its low score reflects that lack of depth. But it proves something important: even the simplest math (counting and basic arithmetic)can be fun, satisfying, and accessible. There’s something compelling about watching numbers climb, and the steady exponential growth of upgrades shows you don’t need complexity to enjoy mathematics.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    1/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    1/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    2/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    1/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    1/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    1/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    1/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    1/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    1/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.
  • Subway Surfers

    4/15
    Informal 2.25Formal 1Transfer 1
    See Notes

    Notes -- Subway Surfers isn’t built around deep mathematical systems, but its design highlights how much fun simple math intuition can be. Players rely on counting rhythms, estimating distances, and recognizing repeating patterns to dodge obstacles and collect rewards. It’s a reminder that even fast-paced arcade play can build mathematical intuition without ever feeling like a lesson.

    See details

    Informal mathematics

    Expressive Mathematics Rating
    1/5
    How much mathematical intuition is required to do the activity?
    more1★ Activity requires little to no mathematical intuition.5★ Activity heavily depends on mathematical thinking, pattern recognition, and creative problem-solving.
    Mathematical Intuition Development
    1/5
    How much will this activity strengthen your ability to think mathematically, even without formal notation?
    more1★ The activity does not require mathematical thinking beyond casual estimation or basic counting. Strategies do not depend on recognizing patterns, relationships, or structures.5★ The activity consistently engages pattern recognition, problem decomposition, logical sequencing, and strategic reasoning. Success depends on building and applying new problem-solving approaches.
    Noticeable Math
    2/5
    Is the mathematics clearly visible and actively used in the activity?
    more1★ Math is hidden in the activity’s mechanics and requires searching or outside knowledge to spot.5★ Math is explicit, visible, and integral to the activity — people see it in action without needing to dig for it.
    Accessibility
    5/5
    How approachable is the activity’s mathematical content for someone with a high school background?
    more1★ Requires strong prior math background; steep learning curve.5★ Beginner-friendly with clear progression.

    Formal Mathematics (Educational content)

    Formal Mathematics Exposure
    1/5
    How much will this activity directly expose you to formal math concepts, symbols, and structures?
    more1★ No explicit mathematical content. Any underlying math is entirely embedded in mechanics and invisible to the participant.5★ The activity requires direct interaction with formal mathematical notation, definitions, or theorems. Concepts are presented explicitly, with correct usage, and integrated into core challenges.
    Rigor Rating
    1/5
    How correct, deep, and challenging is the mathematics?
    more1★ Math is optional, unclear, and estimation based.5★ Fully rigorous and precise.
    Mathematical Systems
    1/5
    Does the activity operate on consistent, precise rules that align with formal mathematics, even if they’re not explicitly presented?
    more1★ No underlying mathematical system beyond simple counters or timers.5★ Robust, precise systems that could be mapped directly to formal mathematical concepts (geometry, physics, logic, combinatorics, etc.).

    Transferability

    Breadth of Application
    1/5
    How many different real-world or academic contexts can these skills be applied to?
    more1★ Skills are specific to this activity’s mechanics.5★ Skills apply broadly to multiple real-life or academic areas.
    Ease of Transfer
    1/5
    How obvious or accessible is it for people to use these skills outside the activity?
    more1★ Transfer requires specialized knowledge or instruction to recognize the connection.5★ Transfer is clear and intuitive without outside help.
    Math Depth
    1/5
    How deep are the mathematical decisions in this activity?
    more1★ Only surface-level numbers or simple comparisons.5★ Multi-step reasoning, interacting concepts, or strategic tradeoffs.